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e.g. I know how to swim. (can /may) – I can swim.
16. It is necessary for you to phone Martin. (must/might)
17. It is possible that Ann will be here this evening. (can / might)
18. It is not necessary for you to wait. (mustn't / needn't)
19. It's not good for people to watch TV all the time. (mustn't /shouldn't)
20. Do you want me to open a window? (shall/will)
5. Correct ( + ) or wrong ( – )?
21. You should had told me before.
22. You have better to stop smoking.
23. Why had you to go to work yesterday?
6. Choose the correct answers:
24. She has new clothes every week. She can / could / must have plenty of money.
25. She doesn't answer the phone. She mustn't / can't shouldn't be in her office.
26. Bill isn't here. He may has gone / may have gone / may have go home.
Make these sentences more polite. (Different answers are possible.)
e.g. Give me some water. – Can I have some water?
27. I want a cup of coffee.
28. Can I take a photograph of you?
29. Close the door, John.
Conditional sentences
Type One
The sentences of this type express real or very probable situations in the present or future.
| Main clause | If-clause |
| Future Simple / imperative / can/ may/might/must/should + bare infinitive Present Simple (for general truths) | Any present form (Present Simple, Present Continuous, Present Perfect) |
| He will be on time for the meeting if he leaves early. If you are tired, go to bed! If you have finished your work, we can go for a walk. If you heat water, it boils. (general truth, zero conditional) I will ask her if I should see her. (slight possibility) | |
1.1 Match the following parts of the sentences:
1. If I go on a diet, A. we’ll make a snowman.
2. If it’s sunny tomorrow, B. I’ll buy you some chocolate.
3. If John doesn’t hurry, C. she’ll have to take a taxi.
4. If it snows, D. I’ll lose weight.
5. If there are no buses, E. he’ll be late.
6. If you are a good girl, F. we’ll go for a picnic.
NOTE 1: “unless” means “if not” (normally used with 1st type conditionals) – e.g. We’ll go for a picnic unless it rains. = We’ll go for a picnic if it doesn’t rain.
“Unless” is used only in the sense “except if”: e.g. My wife will be upset if I don’t get back tomorrow. – My wife will be upset unless I get back tomorrow. “If not” doesn’t mean “except if” here.
1.2 Fill in: unless or if:
1. If you make so much noise, I won’t be able to sleep.
2. I’ll tell you ____ there are any messages for you.
3. I won’t finish the work ____ you help me.
4. ____ you are hungry, I’ll make you a sandwich.
5. We’ll miss the bus ____ we hurry.
6. They won’t get married ____ he gets a job.
1.3 Join the beginnings and ends together, using unless instead of if not:
e.g. I'll be back tomorrow unless there's a strike.
| Beginnings | Ends |
| | if he doesn't start working.
if I don't phone to say I can't come.
if I don't go out.
if it doesn't rain.
if the children don't want it.
if there isn't a change of government.
|
1.4 Zero conditional. Put the verbs into the correct tense:
e.g. Water (freeze) if the temperature falls below zero. – Water freezes if the temperature falls below zero.
1. If he's angry, his face always _____ (go) bright red.
2. If you put your money in a savings account, you _____ (get) ten percent interest.
3. If the microphone isn't working, you _____ (can not) hear what he's saying.
4. The radio _____ (not work) if the batteries are flat.
5. If there _____ (be) only a few students, we usually close one of the classes.
6. The machine _____ (not work) if it doesn't have enough oil.
7. If a balloon is filled with hot air, it _____ (rise).
8. If water _____ (boil), it changes into steam.
9. The machine stops automatically if something _____ (go) wrong.
1.5 Join the beginnings and ends, putting in if:
| Beginnings | Ends |
| anybody asks you what you're doing, How can you make decisions I buy three kilos, I don't get up till nine, I can't fix the video, I'll go with you The shops are easy to get to We don't have to go out you're ready before eight, You have to practise | I'll take it back to the shop. you're not feeling up to it. say you're with me. that'll do for a few weeks. I never get anything done. we can catch the early train. you want to learn a musical instrument. you don't know what's going on? you like. you park near the station. |
NOTE 2: Note the difference between if and when – If: something may happen. When: something definitely happens.
1.6 If or when?
1. _____ I become President.
2. _____ it gets dark.
3. _____ the film finishes.
4. _____ she passes her exam.
5. _____ it doesn't rain tomorrow.
6. _____ I wake up tomorrow.
7. _____ you change your mind.
8. _____ his parents die.
9. _____ the bus stops
1.7 Write these sentences putting the verbs in brackets into the present Simple or the Future Simple:
e.g. If the train’s late, we will walk (walk).
1. If you _____ (say) that again, I _____ (scream).
2. I _____ (be) surprised if she _____ (manage) to sell that car.
3. If the boys _____ (come) to supper, I _____ (cook) chicken breasts.
4. I _____ (need) some money if we _____ (go) out tonight.
5. I _____ (miss) you if we _____ (move) to Wales.
6. If you _____ (wash) up, I _____ (dry).
7. Ann _____ (be) sorry if Helen _____ (not come).
8. If you _____ (get) lonely, I hope you _____ (phone) me – any time.
9. If you _____ (look) in the top drawer, you _____ (find) your passport.
10. It _____ (be) funny if Norman _____ (get) the job.
Дата: 2018-11-18, просмотров: 2047.