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Single, to form, separate, percentage, to double, million, per cent, financial, prima,
indicator, initiative, spectrum, to integrate, commentator, liberal, social, democratic, analysts, fact, contribution, reform, assistant, element, adequate, principal, dilemma, standard.
B )Прочтите и переведите без помощи словаря группы родственных слов. Выделите суффикс и определите часть речи.
To form – to re-form– formation – formative
To separate – separate – separately –separable –separation– separatist– separatism
Prima – primary – primarily
To indicate – indicator – indication – indicative
Initiative – to initiate – initial– initially– initiation
To integrate – integrity– integral – integration
Contribution – to contribute
Assistant – to assist – assistance
To compare – comparable – incomparable – comparison – compatible
C ) Переведите следующие слова с отрицательной приставкой un-
Unease, unacceptably, uncertainty.
Упражнение 2. Переведите следующие сочетания:
Single mothers; research indicates; child support initiatives; the political spectrum; liberal and social democratic analysts; the political left and the right; an adequate standard of living; to form a small percentage; a broad spectrum of social policy analysts; reforms in benefits; another element in social policy; to assist lone parents; a system of adequate child-care; an adequate standard of living.
Упражнение 3. Выпишите следующие слова и словосочетания в тетрадь и выучите их.
To raise/upbring dependent children– воспитывать детей
Similar – схожий, похожий
Widow – вдова, вдовец
Hardship–нужда, трудности
To look after– присматривать, ухаживать
Full-time/part-time employment – полная/частичная занятость
Concern – озабоченность, тревога
To account for – составлять, объяснять
To acknowledge – подтвердить, признавать
To call for – призывать
To afford – позволить себе
To earn – зарабатывать
Упражнение 4. Переведите следующие сочетания :
To share similar difficulties; a system of adequate and affordable child-care; mothers who have been widowed; to constitute 20 per cent of all families; financial hardship; employment compatible with looking after children; earnings from any part-time employment; to account for no more than 7 per cent of their income; acknowledge responsibility for their children; to call for reforms in benefits; a system of adequate and affordable child-care;
Упражнение 5. Просмотрите текст и найдите ответы на следующие вопросы:
1. What is a lone-parent family?
2. What are the reasons for single - parent families?
3. What is the percentage of lone-parent families?
4. Why do many lone-parent families face financial hardships?
5. What is the major concern of many political analysts?
6. How should absent fathers help their children?
7. How could social policy reforms assist lone-parent families?
Lone - parent family.
Lone –parent family is a family with one parent on their own raising dependent children. Lone –parent families arise for different reasons but share similar difficulties. The include single mothers who have never married and mothers who have either separated, divorced or been widowed. Lone fathers form a small percentage of all lone –parent families – approximately 8 per cent. Over the last twenty years the number of lone –parent families has roughly doubled from about half a million to about 1.3 million. Altogether, nearly 2 million children are currently being raised by a lone –parent, and lone-parent families now constitute some 20 per cent of all families with dependent children.
Lone –parents usually have financial hardship, having to rely primarily on income support, and only to a lesser extent on earnings, because employment compatible with looking after children is difficult to obtain and often poorly paid. Research indicates that lone fathers are usually better off financially, because they are more likely to be in full-time employment as well as receiving higher wages than women for comparable work. Benefits is not a major source of income for many lone parents, on average accounting for no more than 7 per cent of their income, despite the government’s recent child support initiatives.
Liberal and social democratic analysts are concerned that because most lone parents rely on income support, a great many children are raised in families on unacceptably low incomes. Analysts claim that absent fathers must acknowledge responsibility for their children by contributing financially to their upbringing.
Social policy analysts are calling for reforms in benefits that would allow lone parents to keep the earnings from any part-time employment. Another element in social policy that would assist lone parents is a system of adequate and affordable child-care.
Упражнение 6. Переведите текст письменно.
Упражнение 7. Вставьте в предложения подходящие по смыслу слова из упражнения 3 . Предложения переведите .
1. She hasn't been seen for four days and there is ________________ for her safety.
2. My father and I have ___________views on politics.
3. You must ___________________ the truth of her argument.
4. I can't _______________ to buy a car.
5. Her parents died when she was a baby and she was___________ by her grandparents.
6. Can you ___________________ for your absence(отсутствие) last Friday?
7. He __________________ about $40000 a year.
8. Pope Francis __________ for global financial reform that respects human dignity, helps the poor, and allows states to regulate markets.
9. We__________ after the neighbours' cat while they're away.
10. How many hours a week is __________ - __________ _________?
Упражнение 8. Подберите к глаголам из левой колонки существительные из правой колонки и переведите полученные словосочетания.
| To accept To share To acknowledge | similar difficulties a room credit cards responsibility the need for reform experience the sweets cash the truth of her argument the job short-term patients |
Урок III
Задания урока III
1. Грамматический материал урока.
Сложные местоимения, производные от “some”, “any”, “no”. Их значение и употребление.
Видо-временные формы Indefinite в страдательном залоге.
Модальные глаголы и их эквиваленты.
2. Текст урока.
Слова и выражения урока.
Грамматические пояснения
1. Неопределённые местоимения “some”, “any”, “no”, “every” в сочетании со слонами “body”, “one”', “thing” образуют сложные местоимения; в сочетании со словом “where” – сложные наречия.
| some | any | no | every | |
| Body One | somebody someone кто-то кто-либо кто-нибудь | Anybody Anyone Кто-то Кто-либо Кто-нибудь | nobody по one никто | everybody everyone все, каждый |
| Thing | something что-то что-либо что-нибудь | Anything Что-нибудь Что-либо | nothing ничто ничего | everything всё |
| Where | somewhere где-то где-либо где-нибудь | Anywhere Где-нибудь Куда-нибудь | nowhere нигде никуда | everywhere везде повсюду |
Сложные местоимения могут употребляться в предложении в функции подлежащего и дополнения. В функции подлежащего сложное местоимение сочетается со сказуемым в форме единственного числа.
Everyone has this book.
В тех случаях, когда подлежащим является местоимение “no”, “one”, “nobody”, “nothing” глагол-сказуемое употребляется в утвердительной форме.
No one knows how to get there.
В качестве дополнения могут употребляться “no”, “one”, “nobody”, “nothing” с глаголом-сказуемым в утвердительной форме и “anyone”, “anybody”, “anything” с глаголом-сказуемым в отрицательной форме.
Сложные местоимения, содержащие в своем составе “one”, “body”, “thing”, не употребляются в сочетаниях с предлогом '”of”. Вместо них употребляются соответствующие неопределённые местоимения “some”, “any”, “one”, “none”, “each”.
Some of us will be able to go swimming.
Each of us is ready to help him.
I want none of these books.
None of them is here.
Местоимения “anyone”, "anybody", “anything”, со значением “любой”, “всякий” могут употребляться в утвердительных предложениях.
Неопределённые местоимения “someone”, “somebody”, “anyone”, “anybody”, “nobody”, “everybody” могут принимать окончания притяжательного падежа.
Дата: 2019-04-23, просмотров: 281.