Пояснения к тексту:

renewable energy            возобновляемая или регенеративная

энергия

energy-efficient               энергосберегающий, с низким

                                          энергопотреблением

recycling                          1) переработка отходов

(для повторного использования);

2) сбор вторичного сырья

hybrid car                         легковой автомобиль с гибридным

приводом

The Russian energy industry

1) Russia is one of the world's largest producers of energy, most of which it obtains from oil, natural gas and coal. The country's focus on those resources for production and export, which constitute 80% of foreign trade earnings, means it has paid little attention to renewable energy. Out of the 203 GW of electric generation capacity that Russia has, 44 GW comes from hydroelectricity, 307 MW from geothermal, 15 MW from wind and negligible amounts from other renewable sources.

2) President Dmitry Medvedev announced in May 2010 that the Russian government would strongly consider purchasing electricity generated from renewable energy sources in an attempt to encourage development of renewable energy. The government has plans for 4.5% of Russia's energy output to come from non-hydroelectric renewable energy sources. Additionally, in November 2010, the government approved a US$300 billion program to make factories and buildings more energy efficient; it also announced plans to construct eight energy-efficient lamp production plants, promote recycling and support the construction of a hybrid car plant.

3) At the moment, renewable energy development is slowed by low investment, economic instability, low public demand and low tariffs on heat and electricity.

4) Hydropower is the most used form of renewable energy in Russia, and there is large potential in Russia for more use of hydropower. Russia has 102 hydropower plants with capacities of over 100 MW, making it fifth in the world for hydropower production. Russia is home to 9% of the world's hydro resources, mostly in Siberia and the country's Far East.

5) RusHydro is the largest hydroelectric company in Russia and the second largest hydroelectric producer in the world. In October 2010, China Yangtze Power, the largest hydropower corporation in China, and Euro-SibEnergo, a Russian energy company, signed a cooperation agreement to expand hydroelectric energy production in Russia and export energy to China's northern territories. The West Siberian Generating Company has plans to start construction of eight mini-hydroelectric power plants in the Altai region before 2015.

8 . Прочитайте 4-й и 5-й абзацы текста и письменно ответьте на вопросы:

1) What is the main form of renewable energy in Russia?

2) How many hydropower plants are there in Russia and what is their capacity?

3) What energy companies are mentioned in the text?

4) How do the Russian energy companies contribute to energy production?

Вариант III

1. Перепишите и переведите на русский язык следующие предложения. Определите по грамматическим признакам, какой частью речи являются слова с окончанием -s и какую функцию это окончание выполняет, т. е. служит ли оно:

а) показателем 3-го лица единственного числа имени существительного;

б) признаком множественного числа имени существительного;

в) показателем притяжательного падежа имени существительного (см. образец выполнения № 1).

1. He always watches TV on Sundays.

2. The UK is known as one of the world^’s largest producers and exporters of machinery.

3. His lectures are very interesting.

4. The education in the United States gives a person many advantages.

5. These manufacturers produce high-quality computers.

6. A well-known producer of computer systems works out a new one.

2. Перепишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на перевод на русский язык определений, выраженных именем существительным (см. образец выполнения № 2).

1. The workers’ hostel is within 20 minutes^’ walk from the plant.

2. The Tower security is ensured by a military garnison.

3. The third reading in Parliament is a report stage.

4. A signal antenna picks up the picture and audio signals.

5. Submarine telephone cable systems are free from fading and interference.

6. He passed his graduation examinations with excellent marks.

3. Перепишите и переведите предложения, содержащие разные формы сравнения прилагательных (см. образец выполнения № 3).

1. The House of Lords has more than 1000 members.

2. Most public schools in England are boarding schools.

3. The longer I stayed in Minsk, the more I liked it.

4. The speed of our computer is as high as that in their one.

5. The more you know about the computer, the better you can work on it.

6. Our engineers introduced one of the most efficient computer programs.

4. Перепишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на перевод неопределенных и отрицательных местоимений (см. образец выполнения № 4).

1. Some people in Britain are very interested in races and risk money on the horse.

2. No student can translate this text without a dictionary.

3. Any state school in Britain is free.

4. Nobody in our group speaks German.

5. Some friends of mine live abroad.

6. Any student of our group can speak English fluently.

5. Перепишите и переведите предложения. Определите в них видовременные формы глагола и укажите их инфинитив (см. образец выполнения № 5).

1. The second reading in Parliament involves debate on the principles of the bill.

2. Westminster Abbey was a monastery for a long time.

3. They will be glad to see us again.

4. The dean of our faculty spoke at the meeting of our Institute.

5. The Institute provides students with methodical instructions on all subjects.

6. In his free time he studies English.

6. Перепишите и переведите предложения. Подчеркните в них глагол-сказуемое и определите его видовременную форму и залог (см. образец выполнения № 6).

1. USA occupies the southern part of North America.

2. The corner stone of the Capitol was laid by George Washington in 1753.

3. I have been invited to visit their house.

4. The problem was being discussed when I joined my colleagues.

5. The food is sold at local markets.

6. I suspect that I have been followed and watched in London for the last three or four days.

7. The goods are being sent by air.

8. Russian chemical science is successfully solving many complex problems.

9. Radio astronomy has given mankind efficient means for penetration into space.

10. Heat energy is transmitted in two different ways.