42. Signal is designed to be a convenient way to deliver some messages to the destination.

43. Of course, to use electricity, you first have to generate it.

44. To understand what current is, it is necessary to look at the composition of the materials around us.

45. One of Edison’s employees, Nikola Tesla, born in Croatia tried to develop an alternating current motor.

46. In 1888, Tesla went to work for Westinghouse in order to develop the alternating current system.

47. In this race the runners have tried their best to stay ahead of each other.

48. Magnetic iron alloys are said to be ferromagnetic.

49. The electrons that can move around within an object are said to be free electrons and will be discussed in more detail in a later section.

50. Students are expected to cover the cost of books and any applicable fees.

51. Radio waves are often believed to travel in a straight line like a stone tossed into a still lake.

52. When charge flows through the wires of an electric circuit, current is said to exist in the wires.

53. Students during the trial were expected to make regular contributions to the project blog which will provide a complete record of the progress of the project and the contributions of the participants.

54. In the next few years, thousands of 'service robots' are expected to enter the healthcare sector.

55. Stephen Hawking (b. 1943), a British physicist and mathematician, is considered to be the greatest theoretical physicist of the late 20th century.

56. A German scientist named Ewald Georg von Kleist was known to invent the capacitor in November 1745.

57. Oxygen was once thought to be diamagnetic.

58. The transistor can be said to be one of the most important inventions of the 20th century.

59. Traditionally, a radio has been considered to be the “box” that connects to the antenna and everything behind that, however, many system designs are segmented into two separate sub-systems.

60. Microelectronics is nowadays considered to be the cornerstone of the computing revolution, the communications revolution and the consumer electronics revolution.

61. Microwave ovens are supposed to be efficient because they heat food directly.

62. Electric current has proved to be quite useful to people, but it can also pose a danger to life and property.

63. The CO₂ laser proved to be a simpler and more robust system for many industrial and medical applications.

64. This type of electric car motor seems to be the most efficient and consistent when hills and other load conditions are encountered.

65. Every magnet we have discovered, no matter how large or how small, appears to have both poles together.

66. Audio amplifiers seem to catch people's attention more than anything else, however.

67. Although electricity and magnetism seem to be two completely different topics, we will discuss the phenomena associated to both in this lecture course.

68. Einthoven later quoted Ader's work but seems to have developed his own amplification device independently.

69. Additionally, satellite links seemed to eliminate the need for highly trained operators.

70. To understand batteries, we need to understand the basic elements of electricity.

71. In order for an electric current to flow there needs to be complete circuit with no gaps.

72. Einthoven developed the electrocardiogram in order to measure the heart’s electrical activity accurately.

73. To detect electrical quantities such as current, voltage, resistance or power, it is necessary to transform an electrical quantity or condition into a visible indication.

74. In order for an atom to become an ion, it must lose or gain electrons in its outer shell.

75. To build circuits, you will need to become familiar with a few basic components.

76. In order to be activated, robots may use an electric motor, a hydraulic system, a pneumatic system or a combination of all three.

77. Waves are said to be an energy transport phenomenon.

78. Capacitance is said to be the capacitor’s storage potential.

79. When charge flows through the wires of an electric circuit, current is said to exist in the wires.

80. A sound is said to be amplified, when the device makes the sound louder than usual with the same clarity.

81. Two lines that form a right angle are said to be perpendicular or orthogonal.

82. Elements in the same branch are said to be in series.

83. Materials such as cloth or paper are said to be weakly magnetic.

84. The Egyptians are said to have electroplated antimony[1] onto copper over 4300 years ago.

85. The current in the first wire is said to create a magnetic field that acts on the current in the second wire.

86. Electricity was thought to be a fluid.

87. Before Ben Franklin did his famous and very dangerous kite flying experiment, electricity was thought to be a type of fire.

88. Vacuum tubes were found to have several built-in problems.

89. The electron was discovered in 1897 and it was found to have a negative charge.

90. Waves are supposed to travel at a set speed, aren't they?

91. The reader of this book is supposed to have a good knowledge of the basic laws of electromagnetism.

92. Radio waves are often believed to travel in a straight line like a stone tossed into a still lake.

93. The goal of physics is to develop precise models of physical reality.

94. The main function of rectifier circuit is to convert AC into DC.

95. Von Hippel’s vision was to design the desired material characteristics from the bottom-up.

96. To understand the laser, one needs to understand the meaning of these terms.

97. To understand what an electrical current is, you have to understand a little bit about the atom.

98. To understand the distinction between these solid material types, we must first understand the concept of order.

99. To explain magnetic domains, we have to recall how atoms are constructed.