to prevent smuggling
preferential
trade agreements
public health and safety
legislation
counterfeiting and piracy
legislation
external trade statistics
procedure manual
circumvention of Customs
law
fraud
evasion of duties
trade transaction
to facilitate international
trade
revenue collection
предотвращать (пресекать) провоз
контрабанды
преференциальные торговые соглашения
законодательство по вопросам здравоохранения
и общественной безопасности
законодательство по вопросам
фальсификаций и нарушений авторских прав
статистика внешней торговли
справочник таможенных процедур
нарушение таможенных правил путем
обмана
обман, мошенничество
уклонение от налогов
торговая сделка
содействовать развитию
международной торговли
сбор доходов
12.3.1 Scan the text B and make a statement of 5-8 sentences
summarizing
the contents of the text:
Text B
The Problems Facing the Customs Administrations of Today
We live in a rapidly changing world. Things which we regard as
commonplace today, world-wide telecommunications via satellite, space
travel, the micro-processor, were scarcely conceivable just a few decades ago.
In recent times the world has also changed from the Customs' perspective. The
traditional Customs responsibilities of collecting duties and taxes and preventing
smuggling still remain with us but Customs cannot afford to ignore the changing
world conditions which have a major impact on their work.
Some Customs authorities are responsible for such diverse tasks as
immigration control and the enforcement of commercial policy through the
implementation of preferential trade agreements, the operation of quotas and the
application of restrictions, the application of public health and safety legislation,
quarantine controls, currency controls, counterfeiting and piracy legislation and
the collection of external trade statistics. These are just a few of the non-traditional
areas in which Customs are now becoming increasingly involved. Trade demands
for additional services such as deferred payment of duty have also had their effect
on Customs.
The application of all these added responsibilities has led inevitably to an
increase in the complexity of Customs regulations. Tariff books and procedure
manuals are becoming significantly more detailed. Officials, who in the past
applied a fairly simplified tariff schedule specifying Customs duties on a limited
range of goods, are now faced with the increased complexities of tariffs based on
the Harmonized System. It is becoming increasingly difficult in some countries for
Customs officers to be aware of all existing regulations affecting importations.
This has led to a lack of uniformity in the application of the law. It provides
increased opportunities for the circumvention of Customs law and produces an
ideal environment for the spread of practices such as irregular payments. Customs
can expect an increased workload from increasing international trade and
traffic. The problems of smuggling, therefore that the manner in which
Customs Services conduct their business has a substantial impact on trade
efficiency.
Governments throughout the world recognize the value of Customs
Services in their national economies and realize that the service being provided by
Customs is one they cannot easily dispense with. However, they are also
beginning to see the dangers of inefficient Customs Services. As a result,
Customs Services around the world are re-examining the way they operate and
deal with their customers. The challenge is to facilitate the international trade
process at a minimum cost to economy, and without compromising the
collection of revenue or the protection of the community from illegal cross-border
movements of goods.
(3000 symbols)
12.3.2 Look through the text again and write out all word combinations with
the word "Customs" used attributively and translate them into Russian:
1 Customs administrations 6 _____________
2 _____________
3 _____________
4 _____________
7 _____________
8 _____________
9 _____________
5 _____________
10 ____________
12.3.4 Match the words from the text with their corresponding
definitions on the right (a - h).
VERBS
1 enforce
2 facilitate
3 prevent
4 afford
5 defer
6 increase
7 dispense with
8 counterfeit
1 manual
2 fraud
a) keep from happening, hinder
b) to put off to a future time, postpone
c) give force to, make effective
d) grow, become greater in size, amount, etc.
e) do without
f) help, assist; make easy
g) make an imitation, copy in order to deceive
h) give, supply
NOUNS
a) getting round a law, rule
b) giving force to
3 revenue c) a handy book for use as a guide, reference, etc.
4 regulations d) amount of work
5 circumvention e) criminal deception, cheating
6 enforcement f) strong influence
7 workload g) rule, order, law
8 impact
h) income
Дата: 2016-09-30, просмотров: 191.
