| required field | sensor |
| image | of view |
| monitoring | inaccessible |
| modifying | industrial process |
| viewing | effect |
5.Answer the following question: What is vision?
a)unnatural capability derived from the combination of the image forming optical system of the eye
b)a human capability derived from the separation of the image forming optical system of the eye
c)capability derived from the combination of the image forming optical system of the eye
6.Put the sentences into passive voice.
1 They built these houses in 1902.
.
2 She bakes a cake every Sunday.
.
3 He broke the vase yesterday.
.
4 I clean the shoes every Friday.
.
5 We wrote the exercise an hour ago.
.
6 They use this road very often.
.
7 Thieves stole his car.
.
8 They cancelled all the flights.
.
9 Brian told the truth.
.
10 She always loads the dishwasher.
.
11 He sometimes does the shopping.
.
12 The ambulance took Peter to hospital.
.
7. Put the following words into correct order to make up sentences:
1. measurements/ Value/ be/ may/ obtained/ of /from /the /visibility /of/ chart/ a /test/.
2. familiar/ human/ eye/ is /a /imaging/ The /system.
3. for /Applications/ with/ a/ similar/ instruments /ability/ to /a /sense/ scene.
8. Work in pairs. Share ideas about personal experiences of light sensitivity occurringindifferent illumination conditions. Compare your answers.
Insert suitable prepositions in the following.
1. Could I speak a) Tom, please? I'm afraid Tom's b) work. But Jack's c) . Would you like to speak d) him?
2. How do I get the air terminal? Turn right the end of this street and you'll see it front of you.
3. He started going school the age of five. So now he's been school for ten years. He's leaving the end of this year.
4. He goes his office every day except Sunday. On Sundays he stays home and works the garden.
5. I think I left my umbrella the bus. I'd better write the Lost Property Office.
Retell text A.
11.Match words with their synonyms:
| similar | capability |
| ability | well-known |
| familiar | determination |
| measurement | alike |
| resolution | dimension |
Read and translate the text B
Text B
Image Sensing
The primary functions occurring within a standard image sensor are the conversion of light photons falling onto the image plane into a corresponding spatial distribution of electric charge, the accumulation and storage of this charge at the point of generation, the transfer or readout of this charge, and the conversion of charge to a usable voltage signal. Each of these functions can be accomplished by a variety of approaches, but only the principal sensor types will be considered here. Sensors can be divided into two groups: vacuum tube devices in which the charge readout is accomplished by an electron beam sweeping across the charge in a raster fashion similar to that in a television picture tube, and solid-state devices based on charge-coupled devices or photodiodes. These three types of sensor will be described in the next three sections.
For many years, vacuum tubes provided the only technology available for television applications, and they are still widely used because of the high-quality image signals they provide. On the other hand, the electron beam readout method confers a number of disadvantages, which are not found in solid-state devices, including large size, fragility, susceptibility to shock and vibration, high power consumption and a high degree of sensitivity to external electric and magnetic fields. The principal imaging defects, which again are not present in solid-state devices, include
• lag when displaying changing images, due to slow response speed,
• image burn which is damage to the sensor surface caused by intense light,
• geometric distortion,
• drift in the apparent position of the image,
• a nonlinear relationship between signal output and light intensity which varies with target voltage.
Area Charge-Coupled Devices
Three basic architectures (Fig.18.2) are used in area CCDs. The simplest is the full-frame CCD, consisting of an imaging area separated from a horizontal CCD shift register by a transfer gate.
Figure 18.2. Basic architectures used in CCDs
The requirement for an external shutter is greatly reduced in the frame-transfer CCD sensor by the provision of a light-shielded storage section into which the entire two-dimensional image charge is shifted at a much higher rate (limited primarily by CTE considerations) than is possible in a full-frame CCD. Image smear is virtually eliminated by the interline-transfer (ILT) architecture in which each column of photosites has an adjacent light-shielded vertical CCD shift register into which the charge is transferred by a transfer pulse. This approach makes it easy to implement exposure control and achieve short integration times, but it introduces dead space between the active pixels, reducing the sensitivity of the image sensing area and increasing aliasing effects compared with frame-transfer sensors.
13.Use appropriate Conditional verb- form:
1. If I was offered the job, I think I (take) it.
2. If she (be) hungry, she would eat something.
3. If he studied, he (pass) the exam.
4. I (send) you a postcard, if I had your address.
5. What (happen), if you didn´t go to work tomorrow?
6. If she has enough money, she (buy) a new car.
7. What will John do, if he (not get) the job?
8. She would be terribly upset, if I (lose) her ring.
9. Many people would be out of work, if the factory (close) down.
10. What would you do, if you (be) the president of your country?
14. Read the information below. Discuss it in pairs and find additional information about implanting of video camera tubes, their variety.
Figure 18.3.Video camera tube
Video camera tubes in the early days of television used the photoelectric effect; newer variants used photoconductive rather than photoemissive materials.
Silicon image sensors, such as charge-coupled devices, widely used for photographic imaging, are based on a variant of the photoelectric effect, in which photons knock electrons out of the valence band of energy states in a semiconductor, but not out of the solid itself.
15.Say whether the following statements are true or false:
1. Sensors can be of double type.
2. Type of employed image sensor and the modifying effects are significant in machine vision characteristics.
3. Image smear can be reduced with the help of interline-transfer architecture.
4. The electron beam readout method accompanies with a number of disadvantages.
5. In newer variants of video camera tubes used neither photoconductive no photoemissive materials.
Open the brackets.
1. Paul (send) to prison. (Future tense)
2. My brother (just beat) in the race. (Present perfect)
3. He (tell) to wait outside. (Past tense)
4. I (not pay) for the work. (Past tense)
5. Policemen (often ask) for the way. (Present tense)
6. They lawn (cut) once a week. (Present tense)
7. We (ask) by the police. (Future tense)
8. The towels (not use). (Past tense)
9. He (not sell) the jewels. (Present perfect)
10. They (teach) French. (Present tense)
11. The fire brigade (phone) soon after the fire broke out. (Past perfect)
12. You (laugh) at if you talk such nonsense. (Future tense)
13. All the fruits (eat up) by the guests. (Past tense)
14. The letter (answer) tomorrow. (Future tense)
15. Stamps (sell) here. (Present tense)
Дата: 2016-10-02, просмотров: 194.
