Pronunciation
1. Work in pairs. Put each word below into one of the three columns according to the sound of the underlined vowel. Try to pronounce the words.
| / 3ː / | / ɛə / | / ə / |
| first | care | ulcer |
air
hurt
doctor
nurse
hair
worse
tumour
appointment
where
Grammar
2. Match these examples with the rules.
a. Sorry, I have to go. I’m on duty in ten minutes.
b. You mustn’t forget to put gloves on.
c. We need to clean the floors more often.
d. You don’t have to wash Mrs. Shah’s face. She can do it herself.
e. Two beds need changing.
f. All visitors must wash their hands.
Must
· We use must in rules, and to say when things are necessary.
1 ____________________________________________
Have to
· We use have to to talk about things that other people oblige us to do.
2 _____________________________________________
Mustn’t
· We use mustn’t to say it is necessary that you do not do something.
3 ______________________________________________
Don’t have to
· We use don’t have to to say something is not necessary.
4 _______________________________________________
Need to
· We use need to to say it is necessary to do something.
5 _______________________________________________
Need +ing
· We use need+ing to say what jobs it is necessary to do.
6 ________________________________________________
Ø Go to Grammar reference
3. Complete the sentences with need to, must, need(s), don’t have to, mustn’t, has to. Use the verbs below.
use
complete
cutting
mop
cut
change
order
emptying
1. You’ll need to mop the floor – there’s been a spillage.
2. You _____________ gloves after contact with each patient.
3. The bins ___________ - they’re all full.
4. You _______________ Mr.Mill’s nails –I’ve just done them.
5. You ______________ your mobile phone inside the building.
6. The Ward Matron _______________ a hygiene report every month.
7. My hair ________________ - I can’t keep it all under my hat.
8. I _____________ some more paper towels – they’ve nearly all gone.
Reading.
4. Read and translate the text.
Calories.
Protein, minerals, vitamins.
During pregnancy the total caloric needs increase to supply energy for fetal development. A pregnant woman needs approximately 300 more calories per day than before she becomes pregnant. It may be a little less during the first trimester and a little more in the last. Woman carrying twins will need even more.
The extra 300 calories can come from an apple, half a cheese sandwich and a carrot stick. The best way to consume extra calories is healthy snacks eaten between meals.
Protein is a component of every body cell and important for building the maternal blood supply. Protein also is necessary for fetal hair, skin, muscle, nerve tissue and brain development. Women need approximately 10 more grams of protein daily – a total of 60 grams a day – during the pregnancy.
Minerals. Calcium and phosphorus are important minerals in fetal-bone development; a pregnant woman requires 1.200 mg of calcium and phosphorus daily. This is a 50 increase over what a woman needed before she became pregnant.
Dairy products are excellent sources of calcium and phosphorus, as well as vitamin D which is necessary for calcium absorption.
Zinc is another mineral needed for fetal growth and development. Good food sources of zinc include meat, liver, eggs, seafood.
Iron builds maternal blood volume and fetal blood and muscles. Many women enter pregnancy with low iron stores, resulting in anaemia. Food rich in iron include red meat, especially liver, raisins and fortified breads and cereals.
Vitamins. Folic acid is a vitamin important in protein metabolism, particularly in periods of rapid growth. Pregnant woman should start the day with a good breakfast. Fortified ready-to eats cereal with milk and a glass of orange juice will provide at least half needs. Green leafy vegetables, liver and lentils are other goodsources of folic acid.
Vocabulary.
5. Translate these words and word combinations from Russian into English.
Потребности в калориях повышаются, ежедневно, немного меньше, немного больше, двойня, дополнительные 300 калорий, полбутерброда с сыром, лучший способ получить дополнительные калории, здоровая еда, между приемом пищи, каждая клетка тела, развитие мозга до беременности, молочные продукты, кальций, фосфор, низкое содержание железа, анемия, начинать день, листовые овощи, фолиевая кислота.
6. Complete the sentences with words from the list.
approximately
body cell
excellent
twins
pregnancy
folic acid
1. A pregnant woman needs ___________ 300 more calories per day than before she become pregnant.
2. Woman carrying __________ will need even more.
3. Protein is a component of every _____________ and important for building the maternal blood supply.
4. Dairy products are ___________ sources of both calcium and phosphorus.
5. Many women enter ____________ with low iron stores.
6. Green leafy vegetables, liver are good sources of ____________
Дата: 2019-02-19, просмотров: 1758.
