Подберите эквивалент к данному русскому слову
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9. заработная плата (служащего)

a) sailor;

b) surplus;

c) salary.

10.  общество

a) social;

b) society;

c) societal.

11. имущество

a) proposal;

b) appropriate;

c) property.

12.  делить, разделять

a) to share;

b) to change;

c) to exist.

13.   обычай, традиция

a) common;

b) casual;

c) custom.

14.  племя

a) team;

b) tribe;

c) trip.

 

15.  прожиточный минимум

a) storage;

b) substitute;

c) subsistence.

 

Соотнесите слово с его определением.

16.  employer a. an excess of production or supply;
17.job b. a social division in a traditional society consisting of families or communities typically having a recognized leader;
18.tribe c. existing in or as part of a tradition; long-established;
19. traditional d. a task or piece of work, especially one that is paid;
20.  surplus e. to take care of;
21. to look after f. a person or organization that employs people.

Выберите правильную видовременную форму глагола и переведите предложения на русский язык.

 

22. In the early 1990s the British government ….. such major businesses as British Telecom, British Gas, the non-nuclear electricity companies etc.

a) privatizes;

b) privatized;

c) has privatized.

23. At the present time, high-technology industries ….. rapidly.

a) grow;

b) have grown;

c) are growing.

24. Britain’s pharmaceutical industry ….. around 12 per cent of the world market.

a) accounts for;

b) are accounting for;

c) have accounted for.

 

25. He ….. the money yet.

a) didn’t borrow;

b) won’t borrow;

c) hasn’t borrowed.

26. Next year, the company ….. its production by 15 per cent.

a) will increase;

b) has increased;

c) are increasing.

 

Заполните пропуски модальными глаголами и их       эквивалентами и письменно переведите предложения на русский язык.

27. You ….. apply to the local job center.

a) must;

b) is able to;

c) were.

28. In preparing documentation the clerk ….. be very careful and attentive.

a) are to;

b) should;

c) will be allowed.

29. The manager … fill this vacancy by hiring two part-time salesgirls.

a) can;

b) will be able;

c) were.

30. He ….. to dismiss half the firm’s managers and white-collar employees.

a) could;

b) must;

c) had.

31. No business ….. satisfy all the customers.

a) had;

b) can;

c) won’t be able.

 

 

Заполните пропуски прилагательными в нужной форме и письменно переведите предложения на русский язык.

 

32. England has the ….. population density of the four lands composing the UK.

a) high;

b) higher;

c) highest.

33. Services play a much ….. role in Britain’s economy nowadays.

a) important;

b) more important;

c) most important.

34. She is the ….. programmer in the department.

a) good;

b) goodest;

c) best.

 

Письменно переведите текст .

Trade within Britain itself changed enormously in the 17th century. The different regions became less economically separate from each other. No place in Britain was more than 75 miles from the sea, and by 1690 few places were more than twenty miles from a river or canal. These waterways became important means of transport, allowing each region to develop its own special produce. Kent, for example, grew more fruit and vegetables to export to other regions, and became known as "the garden of England". Improved transport resulted in a change in buying and selling. Most towns did not have shops before the 17th century.

From: Маркушевская Л.П. Учебное пособие по страноведению: Великобритания. C. 66.

ВАРИАНТ № 2

Прочитайте и устно переведите текст.

The Market Economy

The market economy is sometimes called the free market. A free market is not controlled in any way by a government. It is also free from the influence of custom or tradition. In a free market, the only reason why things are bought and sold is because there is a demand for them. Prices for goods and services are simply what people are prepared to pay. The market economy is not really controlled by anyone. It controls itself.

The street market has many characteristics of the free market. Customers arrive at the market with a shopping list of things they need. They also come with an idea of how much they are prepared to pay. Stall owners sell what customers demand, and try to get the highest price they can for it. Supply and demand control what is on the market and how much it sells for. In the wider economy, we are all customers, and the stall owners are like companies.

The role of the company in the free market is to supply what people want. However, companies need an incentive. The incentive is profit. There are two ways for companies to make profit. The first way is to raise their prices. The second way is to reduce their production costs. And this brings us two more features of the market economy: competition and technology.

Competition exists in a free market because, theoretically, anyone can be a producer. Competition is good for consumers because it helps to control prices and quality. Technology exists in a free market because producers need ways to reduce their costs.

From: Macmillan Guide to Economics, с. 16-17.

 

2. Выберите правильный вариант ответа на вопросы по содержанию текста.

 

1. What is the free market controlled by?

a) custom;

b) government;

c) demand.

2. How much do customers pay at the market?

a) the highest price;

b) only a certain sum of money;

c) the lowest price.

3. What is the main objective of any company?

a) to make profit;

b) to raise prices;

c) to reduce production costs.

3.Закончите предложения в соответствии с содержанием прочитанного текста.

4. Prices for goods and services are determined by ….

a) a demand.

b) a government.

c) a tradition.

5. The ‘free market’ is another name for …

a) the street market.

b) the labour market.

c) the market economy.

6. An idea of how much they are prepared to pay is …

a) of no importance for customers.

b) interesting for customers.

c) of great importance for customers.

7. To become profitable, companies should have …

a) demand.

b) an incentive.

c) supply.

8. In the market economy, the situation where anyone can become a producer brings about …

a) technology.

b) profit.

c) competition.

 

Дата: 2019-02-02, просмотров: 400.