1. Engineers apply scientific principles to design or develop structures, equipment, or processes.
2. He told them an interesting story.
3. Engineering encompasses several disciplines.
4. I will give you a good book.
5. Aerospace engineering deals with aeronautics and astronautics engineering.
6. The staff of the laboratory is finishing the work on the apparatus.
7. Chemical engineering applies chemistry to develop new materials and processes to convert materials into useful products.
8. The students have translated the text.
9. Computer engineering integrates computer science with electrical engineering to develop and analyze circuits, microprocessors and computers.
10. Electrical engineering involves the study and application of electricity and electronics.

Exercise 3. Rewrite and translate the sentences into Russian, paying attention to Modal Verbs

1. Sub-disciplines of civil engineering may include construction engineering, materials engineering, control engineering, structural engineering, urban engineering, municipal engineering, biomechanics and surveying.
2. Who can translate this sentence?
3. Could you speak English a year ago?
4. I hope they will be able to reach the village before it grows dark.
5. Every engineer must know at least one foreign language.
6. You should take a taxi if you don’t want to be late for the concert.
7. He was not allowed to enter the concert hall after the third bell.
8. As he received a bad mark, he had to go over the material again.
9. We were to meet at the station at six.
10. You will have to revise the material of the lectures before the examination.

Exercise 4. Read the text, rewrite it and translate into Russian

Engineering Branches

Engineers apply scientific principles to design or develop structures, equipment, or processes. Engineering encompasses several disciplines. Traditionally, the main branches of engineering are chemical engineering, civil engineering, electrical engineering and mechanical engineering, but there are many other areas of specialization. Here is a summary of the main branches of engineering:

Acoustical Engineering is concerned with the analysis and control of vibration, particularly sound vibrations.

Aerospace engineering deals with aeronautics and astronautics engineering, including the design and analysis of aircraft, satellites and spacecraft.

Agricultural Engineering deals with farm machinery and structures, natural resources, bioenergy and farm power systems. Sub-disciplines include food engineering, aquaculture and bioprocess engineering.

Automotive engineers are involved in the design, manufacture and performance of cars and trucks.

Biological engineering is applied to biology and medicine. It includes biomedical engineering, biochemical engineering, protein engineering, genetic engineering and tissue engineering.

Biomedical engineering is an interdisciplinary specialty that applies engineering principles to medical and biological problems and systems. This discipline commonly deals with medical therapies, monitoring devices and diagnostic tools.

Chemical engineering applies chemistry to develop new materials and processes to convert materials into useful products.

Civil engineering is one of the oldest forms of engineering. Civil engineering pertains to the design, construction, analysis and maintenance of structures, both natural and man-made, including bridges, roads, dams and buildings. Sub-disciplines of civil engineering may include construction engineering, materials engineering, control engineering, structural engineering, urban engineering, municipal engineering, biomechanics and surveying.

Computer engineering integrates computer science with electrical engineering to develop and analyze circuits, microprocessors and computers. Computer engineers tend to focus more on hardware while software engineers traditionally focus on programming and software design.

Electrical engineering involves the study and application of electricity and electronics. Some consider computer engineering and software engineering to be sub-disciplines of electrical engineering. Electronic engineering, optical engineering, power engineering, control engineering and telecommunications engineering are Electrical Engineering specialities.