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						other un-threatened species.
Agalychnis spurrelli	II	20+	Y	N		Likely privates only
Mantella aurantiaca	II	?	Y	N		Privates and some zoos
Mantella madagascariensis	II	?	Y	N		Privates mostly
Mantella milotympanum	II	?	?			Privates and zoos
Minyobates steyermarki	II	?	Y	N		Privates
Oophaga lehmanni	II	?	?	N		Likely privates only. Several morphs readily available.
Peltophryne lemur		10+	Y	N		Privates and zoos
Xenopus longipes		30+	N	N		Zoos
*Ambystoma mexicanum	II	100+	Y	Y		CBP at many private collections and scientific organizations mostly as neothenic form (Axolotl) – possibly the most successful caudated captive culture used as laboratory animal. Strains and genetic of captive populations are not maintained, possibly hybridized.
*Ambystoma andersoni                                                                                      F1 and F2                      Y                                        Axolotl Suisse
*Andrias davidianus	I	12,000,000	Y	Y		Large scale aquaculture program in Peoples Republic of China. Only sole breeding case known by private (Germany) and CH3 created by EAZA (Bagaturov, in prep.)
*Neurergus kaiseri	I	3000	Y	N		Mostly kept and bred by privates and some zoos. One of the most successful caudated amphibian species in captivity. Quite popular pet trade object. It is erroneously included in CITES due to that fact possibly disappeared from captivity and sooner became extinct (Bagaturov, in prep.).
*N. derjugini		10	Y	N		Both subspecies by privates
* Paradactylodon (Afghanodon) mustersi		Less than 10	Y	N		Privates only, possibly not in captivity at a time

Endangered

Agalychnis annae II 100+

Y

Y Privates Bombina pachypus   20+

Y

N Privates Epipedobates tricolor II 100+

Y

Y Privates mostly Excidobates mysteriosus II ?

Y

N Privates and a very few zoos Hyloxalus azureiventris II ?

Y

N Offered by Understory Enterprises (based Canada). Note. Cites record is under name Cryptophyllobates azureiventris (syn.) Gastrotheca riobambae   20+

Y

N Privates Hyperolius puncticulatus   200+

Y

Y Privates, Kiev zoo, some other zoos Leptopelis vermiculatus   50+

Y

N Privates and a very few zoos Phyllobates terribilis II 500+

Y

Y Privates, zoos. Very successful              

Journal of Zoological Research V2 • I1 • 2018                                                                              41

Amphibian Keeper Conservation Breeding Programs

 

					captive established species. CITES inclusion may cause a negative impact within some time.
Phyllobates vittatus	II	100+	Y	N	Privates mostly. Very successful captive established species. CITES inclusion may cause a negative impact within some time.
Ranitomeya summersi	II	30+	Y	N	CITES treated as subpopulations of Dendrobates fantasticus
Mantella crocea	II	20+	Y	N	Privates mostly. Offered by Understory Enterprises (based Canada)
Mantella expectata	II	20+	Y	N	Privates mostly. Offered by Understory Enterprises (based Canada)
Mantella viridis	II	20+	Y	N	Privates mostly. Offered by Understory Enterprises (based Canada)
Theloderma bicolor                                                             30+                                  Y                                  Y                                  Mostly Privates
*Cynop ensicauda		?	Y	N	Privates mostly. Both subspecies are available, both bred
*Paramesotriton guangxiensis		20+	Y	N	Likely privates only
*Ranodon sibiricus		10	N	N	CBP maintains with participation of Moscow zoo
		20+	Y	N	Likely privates only
*Hynobius dunni		10+	Y	N	Likely privates only
*Hynobius tokyoensis		30+	Y	N	Likely privates only
*Echinotriton andersoni		20+	Y	N	Likely privates only

Vulnerable

Alytes muletensis   100+ Y Y In zoos and Privates Atelopus flavescens   20+ Y N Privates and zoos Atelopus spumarius   30+ Y N Privates and zoos. A few successful breedings reported but unlikely offspring rose to adulthood successfully (for both subspecies (or forms): A. s. hoogmoedi and A.s. barbotini.)

Calyptocephalella gayi                                              50+ (1000+)                     Y                                  N                                             Privates

Ceratophrys stolzmanni   20+ Y N Privates mostly, originated from farm bred specimens exported by WIKIRI Selva Viva (Ecuador)

Oophaga granulifera                                                                ?                                      Y                                  N                                             Privates

Ranitomeya benedicta II ? Y N Privates mostly. Offered by Understory Enterprises (based Canada) Mantella pulchra   20+ Y N Privates, Zoos? Rhacophorus annamensis   10+ Y N Privates, Riga zoo, Leningrad zoo (past) Bombina microdeladigitora/ maxima   20+ Y N Privates and zoos

*Mertensiella

Less than 10

N                                  N

Raised from larvae, CBP with

42                                                                              Journal of Zoological Research V2 • I1 •2018