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8. Read and translate the following sentences into Russian to have a better idea of how the words from the Active Vocabulary List can be used in context.
1. Throughout the year, several new postgraduate studentship opportunities arise. 2. Part of managing your research project is setting your own clear and achievable objectives. 3. I set myself a target of saving $10 a week. 4. You can upgrade your professional qualifications and adjust to changing employment requirements. 5. I adjusted the volume on the radio. 6. I have made a few adjustments to the design. 7. We went through a period of adjustment at the new college. 8. It is worth presenting at postgraduate conferences. 9. It is well worth making the effort to learn how to do it. 10. We need to be concerned about the environmental impacts of all this construction. 11. No one is sure how these changes will impact our relations with other countries. 12. Today training occurs in a variety of environments. 13. There are many different postgraduate qualifications available. 14. Details of the competition are available from our head office. 15. When applying for postgraduate study it is important to consider availability of finances for both tuition fees and living costs. 16. You will receive payment for each complete day that you work. 17. Work on the office building will be complete(d) at the end of the year. 18. He completed the book with a chapter on the practical applications of his theory. 19. The trade agreement will facilitate more rapid economic growth. 20. The Course is designed to take account of the major changes occurred in recent years in the delivery of special education. 21. Some programmes may take into account your previous work experience. 22. I’d like to clear up the common misconception that American society is based on money. 23. This Graduate School offers a wide range of postgraduate opportunities at both Master’s and PhD levels. 24. I’d like to take this opportunity to thank everyone for their hard work on the project. 25. The system has been designed to give the user quick and easy access to the required information. 26. The file loads every time you access the Web site. 27. We have Internet access at the library. 28. The tax inspector gained complete access to the company fi les. 29. The understanding of the information sources used by postgraduate students will help the library to acquire regular and current journals and other information. 30. I am doing a social science PhD and interviews are my primary data source. 31. The University offers some international postgraduate degree courses with a strong reference to the topics related to developing countries. 32. I found it difficult to relate the two ideas in my mind. 33. Successful completion of postgraduate research degrees is closely related to high quality supervision. 34. This postgraduate programme enables students to undertake studies in a broad range of areas. 35. I don’t know what this term means. 36. What did he mean by that remark? 37. Television is an effective means of communication. 38. The load was lifted by means of a crane. 39. I would like to place an order for ten copies of this book. 40. The names are listed in alphabetical order. 41. Get your ideas into some sort of order before beginning to write. 42. Some teachers find it difficult to keep their classes in order. 43. He gave orders for the work to be started. 44. These boots can be ordered direct from the manufacturer. 45. In order to get a complete picture, further information is needed. 46. He regards himself as a patriot. 47. Mary is highly regarded by her colleagues. 48. Call me if you have any problems regarding your research work. 49. This job is open to all, regardless of previous experience. 50. A PhD in this country is a top choice for many international students due to the excellence in academics.
9. Match the words with the de fi nitions below. a) objective b) adjustment c) impact d) availability e) opportunity f) access g) source h) misconception i) means j) order
1. the fact that something can be used or reached
2. a method or way of doing something
3. means or right of using, reaching, or obtaining
4. a correction or modifi cation to refl ect actual conditions
5. understanding something wrongly
6. a favourable moment or occasion
7. a way in which things are placed in relation to one another
8. something which you plan to do or achieve
9. a person or thing that supplies information
10. a powerful effect that something has on a situation or person
10. Match the English word combinations with the Russian equivalents.
1. take into account
2. take the opportunity
3. have access
4. obtain access
5. realize the target
6. complete a task
7. facilitate the execution
8. be worth
9. relate theory and practice
10. adjust differences
a. получить доступ
b. закончить задание
c. принимать во внимание
d. стоить, заслуживать чего-л.
e. связать теорию с практикой
f. иметь доступ
g. урегулировать разногласия
h. достичь контрольных цифр
i. воспользоваться случаем
j. облегчить выполнение
11. Read and translate the following sentences. Pay attention to the meaning of the words and word combinations given below.
I. a) mean adj — средний
b) mean v — иметь в виду; предназначать(ся); означать
c) meaning n — значение; смысл
d) means n — средство; способ
e) by all means — конечно; любым способом
f) by means of — посредством
1. Postgraduate study means any type of academic study carried out upon conclusion of a first degree. 2. We need to find some other means of transportation. 3. In these programmes the majority of the work is delivered in lectures and seminars, with assessment by means of assignments (essays or reports, for example) and examinations. 4. Their mean weight was 62.7 kilos. 5. “May I borrow this book?” “By all means.” 6. The books with large print are meant for our partially sighted readers. 7. He doesn’t know the meaning of this word. 8. It’s a very easy question. Anyone, and I mean anyone, should be able to answer it.
II. a) order v — заказывать; приказывать
b) order n — заказ; приказ; порядок
c) in order that — с тем, чтобы
d) in order to — для того, чтобы
e) out of order — неисправный
1. This company is one of the very few places where you can place an order for building materials on-line. 2. The house is in good order. 3. We order high quantities at our suppliers in order not to run out of material during a building phase. 4. You will have to obey my orders. 5. There are certain pre-requisites in order to register for a research degree at the University. 6. The machine is out of order. 7. He ordered me to stand up. 8. She checked all her figures in order that the report might be as accurate as possible.
III. a) regard v — рассматривать, считать; иметь отношение
b) in (with) regard to — относительно, что касается
c) in this regard — в этом отношении
d) regarding — относительно, о
1. The University of Hull has a long and proud tradition of research excellence, not only with regard to our research with regard to the quality of researchers that the university produces. 2. For questions regarding the application procedure, please contact the Postgraduate Secretary. 3. We regard our research students as central participants in the intellectual life of this community. 4. We regard the supervision of postgraduate research for PhD degrees as one of our most important activities. 5. The union is the largest in the country and in this regard is best placed to serve its members.
IV. a) due adj — должный, надлежащий
b) due to prep — благодаря
c) for a full due — основательно, прочно
d) with (all) due respect — со всем уважением
1. He is due to speak. 2. His success is entirely due to hard work. 3. After due consideration, we have decided to appoint Mr Davis to the job. 4. He is due at his office on Tuesday. 5. With all due respect, this report needs to be rewritten before it can be published. 6. Demand for engineering graduates is very strong at present, especially due to the recent success of the mining sector, and shortages are apparent in some areas.
12. Memorize the active vocabulary to Text 2A.
13. Read and translate the following international words. Look up their transcriptions in the dictionary if necessary. Mind the part of speech.
Real adj, motivation n, complex adj, specific adj, effective adj, plan n v, revise v, identify v, chance n, initial adj, calendar n, critical adj, management n, risk n, industrial adj, partner n, archive n, alternative adj, dramatically adv, realistic adj, detail n, finish v, modify v, situation n, reduce v, discuss v.
14. Read and translate the following word combinations which come from the texts of the Unit. Mind the use of nouns as attributes in preposition. Look up your dictionary if necessary.
A research degree, a postgraduate research project, research opportunities, project management software, a contingency plan, archive data, a data source, a research area, a work breakdown structure, a research method.
15. Form the nouns (a, b) and adverbs (c) with the help of the following suf fi xes. Read and translate them into Russian.
a) -ance/-ence: appear, guide, resist, depend, comply, accept, admit, appear, assist, assure, attend, maintain, observe, perform, correspond, exist, prefer; elegant, convenient, important, signifi cant;
b) -ure: fail, sculpt, close, compose, depart, enclose, expose, mix, please, precede, portrait, seize;
c) -ly: brief, public, approximate, general, final, typical, considerable, additional, international, smooth, high, careful, simple, simultaneous, possible, actual, entire, regular, typical, frequent, clear.
Section 3. GRAMMAR PRACTICE
16. Read and translate the following sentences into Russian paying attention to the predicates used in the Simple, Continuous, Perfect and Perfect Continuous forms (the Active Voice).
1. In recent years, new models of PhD have emerged, offering a larger taught element or combining advanced research with wider skills training to prepare students for a broad range of careers. 2. He had reported the results of the research in his thesis by the end of the period of study. 3. Typically, study for a doctoral degree will require the equivalent of at least three years full-time study. 4. The British Council’s report attempted to quantify how demand for UK higher education from international students may change. 5. They were conducting an interesting experiment in the lab from 9 o’clock till 12 o’clock yesterday. 6. The international student market is increasingly competitive: more European countries are delivering courses in English and some do not charge fees. 7. They have been working out a new production plan for two weeks. 8. Masters courses vary enormously in terms of their function and intended outcomes. 9. He has known the chief engineer for three years. 10. The UK’s pedagogic approach tends to place greater emphasis on developing students’ independent research skills than imparting knowledge from the front of a classroom. 11. The survey finds that although doctoral student numbers have grown overall by 9 per cent during this period, the number of UK domiciled students has grown by only 3 per cent and in fact declined slightly in the last couple of years.
17. Write the following sentences in the negative form. Then change them to general, alternative, special (beginning with the questionwords given in brackets) and tag questions.
1. He published three articles last year. (When? What? How many? Who?) 2. My colleagues are undertaking the research now. (What? When? Who? Whose?) 3. He has known him for a long time. (Who? How Long?) 4. My classes usually begin at 10 o’clock in the morning. (When? What time? What?) 5. The chief engineer will be visiting the construction site in the suburbs of the town from 2 o’clock till 4 o’clock tomorrow. (Where? When? What time? Who?) 6. He had spent several years investigating this area before I joined his team. (What? When? Who?) 7. The designer was using a computer in the office at 3 o’clock yesterday. (Where? What? When? What time? Who?) 8. My fellow students will work in this project area next month. (When? What? Who? Whose?)
18. Fill the gaps with the correct form of the verb. Translate the sentences into Russian.
1. Dr. Smith __________ (supervise) and __________ (support) the proposed PhD project now. 2. He __________ (discuss) his project with his supervisor in more detail. 3. I am sure she __________ (apply) for funding her project next week. 4. He __________ (agree) a topic for his PhD project before he made his application. 5. My research supervisor is busy now. He __________ (interview) some prospective students. 6. My fellow student __________ (send) his Director of Studies a research proposal outlining the programme of work to be undertaken last month. 7. The Psychological Society __________ (produce) a useful guide on postgraduate research in psychology by the end of next month. 8. He __________ (explore) that issue in real depth at that time. 9. Many construction projects usually _______ (suffer) from fi nancial problems. 10. When Mr. White retires next year, he _______ (work) for this company for 25 years. 11. John __________ (undertake) his research degree for two years when I also decided to take a postgraduate course. 12. She __________ (present) his work to researchers at this time tomorrow.
19. Most of these sentences contain one mistake. Correct each one or, if there is no mistake, write right.
1. What did you after you completed your postgraduate course? 2. After I identified what I wanted to achieve I needed to start the process of turning these objectives into a plan. 3. This problem stops me from achieving the objective now. 4. If you didn’t have the qualification, it is harder to get a job. 5. You will make some great professional and personal contacts by the end of your postgraduate studies. 6. I did my postgraduate studies at that time last year. 7. He completes the online registration form for 20 minutes. 8. Your research degree has an impact on you and those around you in future. 9. Research projects rarely run smoothly. 10. She didn’t achieve this objective yet. 11. He is exploring the effect on demand for UK higher education from international students at present. 12. Over the past twenty years there was a substantial growth in doctorates.
20. Read and translate the following sentences with used to ( раньше , прежде , когда - то , в прошлом ).
1. He used to be an engineer. 2. Building operations used to stop in very bad winter conditions. 3. I used to have a car, but I sold it. 4. The factory used to be in the city centre. 5. He used to work as a construction worker before he started his own business. 6. Did he use to live in that town when he was a child? 7. I didn’t use to drive to work.
21. Translate the following sentences into English using the correct tenses.
1. Ученые степени появились в СССР в 1934 году. 2. Он никогда не работал над этой проблемой, поэтому он ничего не может сказать о ее значении. 3. Сейчас мы анализируем имеющиеся в распоряжении данные. 4. Магистранты и аспиранты обычно получают небольшую стипендию 5. Он завершит работу над диссертацией к концу следующего года. 6. Она пишет диссертацию уже два года. 7. Аспиранты обсуждали первую презентацию, когда я вошел в аудиторию. 8. После того как мы проверили полученные результаты, мы опубликовали их в этой статье. 9. Мой научный руководитель уезжает в Лондон для участия в конференции сегодня вечером. 10. Он уже доложил о результатах своего исследования.
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