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John Charles Fields; since 1950; a recipient’s 40th birthday; US $1.5 million.
B. ABEL PRIZE
The Abel Prize is an international prize presented annually by the King of Norway to one or more outstanding mathematicians. The prize is named after Norwegian mathematician Niels Henrik Abel (1802–1829). In 2001, after interest in the prize had risen, a working group was formed to develop a proposal, which was presented to the prime minister of Norway in May. In August 2001, the Norwegian government announced that the prize would be awarded beginning in 2002, the two-hundredth anniversary of Abel’s birth. The first prize was actually awarded in 2003. It has often been described as the ‘mathematician’s Nobel‘ prize and is among the most prestigious awards in mathematics. It comes with a monetary award of six million kroner, which is approx. (2010) ?740,000 or US $992,000. The Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters annually declares the winner of the Abel Prize after selection by a committee of five international mathematicians. The committee is headed by Kristian Seip. The amount of money that comes with the prize is usually close to one million dollars, similar to the Nobel Prize, which is awarded in Sweden and Norway and excludes mathematics. Norway gave the prize that was about US $23,000,000 in 2001. The prize is an attempt to create publicity for mathematics, to make the discipline more prestigious, especially for young people.
The prize board has also established an Abel symposium, administered by the Norwegian Mathematical Society.
A book series recently commenced, with one volume every five years, will present the Abel Prize laureates and their research. The first volume covers the years 2003–2007.
III. Focus on these words. Why are they important in the text?
Niels Henrik Abel; in 2003; US $992,000; more prestigious; commenced
IV. Ask and answer the questions about these international awards in pairs (or groups). Ask for more information.
Group A (or Student A)
What are the most prestigious awards in Mathematics?
Is the Fields Medal a direct analogue of the Noble Prize?
What are the conditions of the Fields Medal award?
What achievements have the Fields Medalists been awarded for?
Is the Fields Medal intended to be an encouragement for further achievement?
Group B (or Student B)
Is the Abel Prize presented every four years?
Is this prize named after German mathematician?
What is the amount of money that comes with the Abel Prize?
What institution declares the winner of the Abel Prize after the selection by a committee of five international mathematicians?
Is this award an attempt to make Mathematics more prestigious discipline?
DO YOU KNOW THAT…
- In 1954, Jean-Pierre Serre became the youngest winner of the Fields Medal at the age of 27. He still retains this distinction.
- The International Mathematical Union (IMU) is an international non-governmental organization devoted to international cooperation in the field of mathematics across the world. It is a member of the International Council for Science (ICSU) and supports the International Congress of Mathematicians. Its members are national mathematics organizations in 77 countries. The scientific prizes awarded by the IMU are deemed to be the highest distinctions in the mathematical world. The opening ceremony of the International Congress of Mathematicians is where the awards are presented: Fields Medals (two to four medals are given since 1936), the Rolf Nevanlinna Prize (since 1986), the Carl Friedrich Gauss Prize (since 2006), and the Chern Medal Award (since 2010).
- The Fields Medal winner is given the medal. This medal was designed by the Canadian sculptor R. Tait McKenzie.
On the obverse there is Archimedes and a quote attributed to him that is in Latin: ‘Transire suum pectus mundoque potiri’ (Rise above oneself and grasp the world). On the reverse is the inscription in Latin which is translated into English: ‘Awarded to Mathematicians gathered from the entire world for their outstanding writings.’
In the background, there is the representation of Archimedes’tomb, with the carving illustrating his theorem on the sphere and the cylinder, behind a branch. (This is the mathematical result of which Archimedes was reportedly most proud: Given a sphere and a circumscribed cylinder of the same height and diameter, both the ratio between their surface areas and the ratio between their volumes are equal to 2/3.) The rim bears the name of the prizewinner.
- The Wolf Prize is an international award that has been presented most years since 1978 to living scientists and artists for ‘achievements in the interest of mankind and friendly relations among peoples ... irrespective of nationality, race, colour, religion, sex or political views.’ The prize is awarded in Israel by the Wolf Foundation, founded by Dr. Ricardo Wolf, a German-born inventor and former Cuban ambassador to Israel. It is awarded in six fields: Agriculture, Chemistry, Mathematics, Medicine, Physics, and an Arts prize that rotates between architecture, music, painting and sculpture. Each prize consists of a diploma and US$100,000.
- Mikhail Leonidovich Gromov is a Franco-Soviet-Russian mathematician known for important contributions in many different areas of mathematics. He is considered a geometer in a very broad sense of the word. He was awarded by the Wolf Prize in Mathematics in 1993 and the Abel prize in 2009 ‘for his revolutionary contributions to geometry’.
Дата: 2016-10-02, просмотров: 305.