1. During the years of his studies at home Edison read a lot of books and          magazines.

       2. Any data on that problem will be of interest for researcher.

       3. Radium is thousands of times more active than uranium.

       4. I haven’t much time, I must hurry.

       5. On Friday, 8 November, 1895 Professor Roentgen was doing an           experiment in his laboratory when he noticed something extraordinary.

       6. Did Columbus know that he had discovered a new continent?

       7. Our scientists have worked out different systems and models of robots.

       8. Sakharov is remembered by everybody as an outstanding humanist and         philosopher.

       9. Stainless steels require little maintenance and have a high strength.

       10. Alfred Nobel had deep knowledge in different fields of science.

Exercise 3. Rewrite and translate the sentences into Russian, define the degree of comparison (positive, comparative, superlative)

1. He went to school when he was quite a big boy.
2. After three months at school his teachers told his mother that her son was one of the worst schoolchildren of the school.
3. He spent the greater part of his day in making different experiments.
4. He made many important inventions.
5. His most important invention was the electric lamp.
6. Wide prospects are offered to mankind by more efficient utilization of solar energy.
7. He invented a dynamo and many other electrical devices.
8. Cars with less toxic exhaust gases will have been used by 2020.
9. He finished school with honours and decided to get higher education.
10. Fire damp is the most harmful and dangerous of all the gases in mine air.

Exercise 4. Read the text, rewrite it and translate into Russian

Stephen William Hawking

Stephen Hawking was born on 8 January 1942 to Frank and Isobel Hawking. Despite their families' financial constraints, both parents attended the University of Oxford, where Frank studied medicine and Isobel, Philosophy, Politics and Economics. The two met shortly after the beginning of the Second World War at a medical research institute where she was working as a secretary and he as a medical researcher. They lived in Highgate, but as London was under attack in those years, his mother went to Oxford to give birth in greater safety. Stephen has two younger sisters, Philippa and Mary, and an adopted brother, Edward. He began his schooling at the Byron House School; he later blamed its "progressive methods" for his failure to learn to read while at the school.

In 1950, when his father became head of the division of parasitology at the National Institute for Medical Research, Hawking and his family moved to St Albans, Hertfordshire. The eight-year-old Hawking attended St Albans High School for Girls for a few months; at that time, younger boys could attend one of the houses. In St Albans, the family were considered highly intelligent.

During one of Hawking's father's frequent absences working in Africa, the rest of the family spent four months in Majorca visiting his mother's friend Beryl and her husband, the poet Robert Graves.

On their return to England, Hawking attended Radlett School for a year and from September 1952, St Albans School. The family placed a high value on education.

Although at school he was known as "Einstein," Hawking was not initially successful academically. With time, he began to show considerable aptitude for scientific subjects, and decided to study mathematics at university. Hawking's father advised him to study medicine, concerned that there were few jobs for mathematics graduates. He wanted Hawking to attend University College, Oxford, his own alma mater. As it was not possible to read mathematics there at the time, Hawking decided to study physics and chemistry.

Hawking began his university education at the University of Oxford in October 1959 at the age of 17. Hawking has estimated that he studied about 1,000 hours during his three years at Oxford. After receiving a first-class BA (Honours) degree, he began his graduate work at Trinity Hall, Cambridge, in October 1962.

In 1963, Hawking contracted motor neurone disease and was given two years to live. Yet he went on to Cambridge to become a brilliant researcher and Professorial Fellow at Gonville and Caius College. From 1979 to 2009 he held the post of Lucasian Professor at Cambridge, the chair held by Isaac Newton in 1663. Professor Hawking has over a dozen honorary degrees. He is a fellow of the Royal Society and a Member of the US National Academy of Science. Stephen Hawking is regarded as one of the most brilliant theoretical physicists since Einstein.

Stephen Hawking is Director of Research at the Centre for Theoretical Cosmology at Cambridge.

Among his significant scientific works have been a collaboration with Roger Penrose on gravitational singularity theorems in the framework of general relativity, and the theoretical prediction that black holes emit radiation, often called Hawking radiation. Hawking was the first to set forth a cosmology explained by a union of the general theory of relativity and quantum mechanics. He is a vocal supporter of the many-worlds interpretation of quantum mechanics.