If you could have obtained the necessary information, you would have carried out these experiments.

Unless this material is treated properly it will not be a good insula­tor.

Прочтите и устно переведите с 1-го по 6-й абзацы текста. Перепишите и письменно переведите 1,2, 4, 5 абзацы.

SOLAR ENERGY

Most of the energy that we use on the Earth even in some con­verted form such as coal and oil, stems from the Sun. Indeed, oil, coal, natural gases are fuels that release energy received from the Sun millions of years ago. When we use wood in a fire it is necessary to remember that the Sun supplied the energy for the growth of trees.

Hydroelectric energy is known to be electricity produced from the energy of falling water. This is actually stored solar energy; the water be­ing lifted from the sea in the course of the hydrological cycle which is driven by the Sun. Hydroelectric energy has several advantages over other ways of producing electricity. No fuel is required, since the energy comes from the Sun.

The Sun is also important to us as a laboratory in which we can study hot gases in a magnetic field. The knowledge we are gathering from the studies of the solar gas enables us to control fusion processes here on Earth.

It is clear today that the supply of coal, oil and natural gas will soon become inadequate for our needs. It is natural that scientists began their search for new sources of energy. There is an increasing interest in obtaining energy from the Sun.

There are devices that give off an electrical signal when struck by sunlight. The device employed for converting solar energy into useful power is the solar cell. In the solar cell the junction consists of two dif­ferent kinds of semiconductors. The cell is energized not by heat but by light. But solar cells are still expensive to use for general commercial purposes. They proved to be an ideal source of power for artificial satel­lites.

There is now considerable research centering on finding ways of converting solar radiation into heat and electricity. Man has learned to obtain electric power directly from the Sun at present. Architects have built houses to be heated by solar radiation due to applying suitably de­signed roofs and using suitable construction materials, the latter tend to retain heat obtained from the Sun. Under suitable conditions solar radia­tion can raise the temperature of the air to 300°F.

Вариант 3

1. Перепишите и письменно переведите следующие предложе­ния, обращая внимание на инфинитивные обороты.

Heavy water has been found by numerous tests to contain a very slight amount of hydrogen atom.

The kinetic theory of gases assumes a gas to be made up of parti­cles moving about, with random motion.

We know the apparatus used for converting electrical energy from one voltage to another to be called a transformer.

The steam engines and turbines are known to be heat engines.

2. Перепишите и письменно переведите следующие предложе­ния, учитывая различия в переводе зависимого и независимого причастных оборотов.

1. In the steam engine the fuel burns slowly, the heat being used to generate steam.

2. Having investigated the effect of temperature the authors mentioned above came to a definite conclusion.

3. The laboratory having been provided with necessary instruments, they could carry out the work successfully.

Перепишите и письменно переведите следующие сложные предложения, содержащие придаточные предложения условия.

The volume of gas will be proportional to its absolute tempe­rature if its pressure remains constant.

Unless the material had been treated properly, it would not have been a good insulator.