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Нажимая кнопку "Продолжить", я принимаю политику конфиденциальности

 

 

1. I didn’t laugh at this joke.                                 a) Why? Had you left your passport

                                                                                      at home?

2. Were you surprised by the ending of the film? b) Why? Had you heard it before? 

 

3.  I went to the airport, but I couldn’t get on      c) That’s a pity. Hadn’t you stayed     

the plane.                                                                 there before?

4. I was homesick the whole time I was living     d) Really? I didn’t know he’d been

in France.                                                               married before.

5. The hotel where we stayed on holiday was      e) Really? I thought you’d met

  awful!                                                                    before.

6. I met my girlfriend’s parents for the first time  f) No, I’d read the book, so I already

  last Sunday.                                                            knew the story.

7. My grandfather had two sons from his first      g) That’s really sad! Had you never

  marriage.                                                                 lived abroad before?

 

 

GRAMMAR

 

 

КОСВЕННАЯРЕЧЬИСОГЛАСОВАНИЕВРЕМЁН

                               (REPORTED SPEECH WITH BACKSHIFT)

 

I. Если глагол в главном предложении стоит в прошедшем времени, то в косвенной речи время глагола изменяется в соответствии с правилом согласования времён:

 

 

Present Simple               => Past Simple

                              Present Continuous        => Past Continuous

                              Present Perfect               => Past Perfect

                              Present Perfect Continuous => Past Perfect Continuous

                              Past Simple                     => Past Perfect

                              Past Continuous              => Past Perfect Continuous

 

Вспомогательный глагол будущего времени will заменяется на would.

 

Present

“I write.”                                                                                         he wrote.

“I’m writing.”                     He said/told me …                         he was writing.

“I’ve written.”                                                                                 he had written.

“I’ve been writing.”                                                                        he had been writing.  

Past

“I wrote.”                                                                                         he had written.

                                            He said/told me …

“I was writing.”                                                                               he had been writing.

Modals

“I will/would.”                                                                                he would.

“I can/could.”                      He said/told me …                         he could.

“I must.”                                                                                          he had to.

Questions

“Do you work here?”                                                                       if I worked there.

“When are you leaving?”     He asked me …                             when I was leaving.

“Have you been to Rome?”                                                             if I had been to Rome.

_________________________________________________________________________

Imperative

“Come to my office.”           He told me …                                to come to his office.

 

 

Примечание.

1. PastSimpleиPastContinuousвкосвеннойречимогутоставатьсябезизменения, когдауказано время совершения действия.

 

He said, “I began to learn English in 2013”     He said that he began to learn English in

2013.    

 

2. В разговорной речи все времена могут оставаться без изменения.

3. Не меняется время, и если утверждение до сих пор в силе.

 

“I’ll always love you,” she said.                       Shesaidshewillalwayslovehim.

 

II. Заменяются также некоторые наречия и местоимения.

 

this        заменяется   that

                             these           на            those

                             now                                 then

                             today                               that day

                             tonight                             that night

tomorrow                         the next day

yesterday                         the day before

ago                                   before

                             last week                          the week before

                             next week                         the following week

                             next year                          the following year

                             herethere

 

 

III.                             Способы передачи косвенной речи

 

Прямая речь                                                           Косвенная речь

1) утверждения и отрицания

 

“I like him,” she said.                                      She said she liked him.

“I’m seeing him this evening,” she said.         She said she was seeing him that evening.

“I’m not tired,” he said to her.                        He told her he wasn’t tired.

 

2) специальныевопросы

 

 “How many channels are there?” he asked.     He asked how many channels there were.     

My friend asked, “What are you reading?”     My friend wondered what I was reading.

 

3) общиевопросы

“Do you live in Moscow?” she asked me.         She asked me if I lived in Moscow.

 “Is satellite television very popular?” he asked. He asked whether satellite television         

                                                                            was popular.

4) повелительное наклонение, просьбы, предложения и т.п.

 

“Can you close the door, please?” he said.             He asked me to close the door.

“Wait here,” he said.                                               He told me to wait there.

5) глаголы , вводящиекосвеннуюречь :

say, tell smb, add, explain, complain, continue, inform, insist, note, mention, answer, reply, think, remind,ask, wonder,order, offer, promise, refuse, warn, agree, encourage, persuade, accept, refuse

 

LANGUAGE USE

 

 

Exercise 22. Rewrite these sentences in reported speech.

1. “I’m going to call him this afternoon”, she said.

2. “I’ll write to you next week”, he said.

3. “He rang me from the airport yesterday”, she said.

4. “I won’t be home tonight”, he said.

5. “He left ten minutes ago”, she said.

6. “I’ll see him tomorrow”, she said.