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1.

2. Называется счетчиком

3. Назван в честь…

4. Ток в проводнике

5. Сопротивление проводника

6. Электрическая мощность

7. Очень чувствительные

8. Часто используются

9. Измерять электрический ток

10. Потенциальная разница

11. Должен быть соединен

 

 

The capacitor

 

A capacitor is an electrical device for storing quantities of electricity. The general form of a capacitor is what of two parallel conducting plates.

Such plates are of relatively large area, close together, and contain between them a non-conducting medium called the dielectric common dielectric are air, glass, oil and waxed paper.

To increase the capacitance of a capacitor the following changes can be made: first, the area of the plates may be increased.

Second, the plates may be put closer together

Third, a more suitable dielectric may be inserted between the plates.

If the plates of a capacitor are small in area and far apart, the capacitance is small. If the area is large and plates close together, the capacitance is large. The unit of capacitance, the farad, named in honour of Michael Faraday scientist a capacitance of 1 farad is very large and for practical purposes is not used. The microfarad is more convenient. Capacitors in common use today are of various kinds, sizes and shapes. Perhaps the most common is the so-called «paper capacitor» used in radios and the ignition system of automobiles another type of capacitor is the variable capacitor commonly used in tuning radios.

 

Word to the text

1.

2. Capacitor-конденсатор

3. Capacitance-ёмкость;ёмкостное сопротивление

4. Device-прибор;устройство

5. Quantity-количество

6. Plate-пластина

7. Air-воздух

8. Glass-стекло

9. Waxed paper-пропитанная воском бумага

10. Area-площадь

11. Purpose-цель

12. To store-накапливать

13. To change-менять

14. To contain-содержать

15. To increase-увеличивать

16. To insert-вставлять

17. To be used-быть использованным

18. To be called-быть названным

19. General-обычный, основной

20. Common-общий

21. Suitable-подходящий

22. Convenient-удобный

23. Various-различный

24. Variable-изменчивый

25. Relative-относительный

 

 

Образуйте слова однокоренные с данными. Переведите .

Quantity, contain, conduct, measure, differ, vary, insulate, store, attract, electric.

 

Power Transmission

 

A transformer is an electrical device by which the electromotive force of a source of alternating current may be increased or decreased. They are widespread in long distance power transmitters and receivers, television. Nearly all transformers come under one of the two following classes: step-up and step-down transformers. In the transmissions of electrical energy over wires for long distance, transformers are practically indispensable.

At the power house in the distant mountains, electric current is generated by huge alternating generator at the low voltage of several thousand volts. If an attempt was made to transmit this electrical energy, at a voltage of 2,200 volts, over many miles to a distant city, the current would be so large that nearly of the energy would be consumed in heating the power line. To avoid large heat losses, transformers at the power house step the voltage up to some 220000 volts before switching the current onto the power line.

At the city end of the power line, a transformer substation steps the voltage down to its original value of 2200 volts. From there branch lines distribute the power to various section of the city where smaller transformers step it down again to the relatively safe voltage of 110 to 220 volts.

 

Words to the text

1. A transformer-трансформер

2. A source-источник

3. A force-сила

4. A wire-провод

5. Voltage-электрическое напряжение

6. Ar attempt-попытка

7. Losses-потери

8. Substation-подстанция

9. Branch-отрасль

10. Line-линия

11. To increase-увеличить

12. To decrease-уменьшить

13. To step up-повышать напряжение

14. To step down-понижать напряжение

15. To generate-производить

16. To make-делать

17. To consume-расходовать

18. To avoid-избегать

19. To switch-включать

20. To distribute-распределять

21. Alternating-переменный

22. Widespread-широко распространенный

23. Following-следующий

24. Indispensable-совершенно необходимый

25. Distant-далекий

26. Huge-огромный

27. Various-различный

28. Relative-относительный

 

 

Дата: 2019-03-05, просмотров: 812.